|
Status in the Wild: Recent estimates place the total population at 75,000-85,000. Although the species remains relatively abundant, the total estimated population has declined from more than 100,000 over the last decade. It no longer occurs in certain portions of its historic range (especially the drier areas) and is classified as vulnerable by the IUCN.
Habits and Adaptations: Crowned cranes are the only species of crane that can roost in trees due to their long prehensile hallux (back toe) positioned low on the foot. They have large wings for excellent flying ability. They also have excellent peripheral vision useful for location of predators on the savanna.
Breeding and Maturation: Crowned cranes reach sexual maturity at the age of three. Breeding occurs throughout the year with peaks in breeding activity coinciding with drier weather periods. Two to four eggs are laid over a couple weeks so the incubation period of the first-laid egg is typically longer than that of an egg laid later, anywhere between 31 and 28 days.
Lifespan: Crowned cranes can live up to 22 years.
Conservation Issues: Many swamps and marshes where crowned cranes nest are being drained for agriculture. Crowned cranes are popular attractions in zoos and are often victims of illegal trade.
Additional Resources:
http://www.sfzoo.org/cgi-bin/animals.py?ID=89
http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/distr/birds/cranes/baleregu.htm
Johnsgard, P. 1983. Cranes of the World. Indiana University Press, Bloomington |